| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1; 2 Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5; and 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
The increase in skeletal
muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) activity was measured in
skeletal muscle of six healthy males after a eucaloric
high-fat/low-carbohydrate (HF/LC; 5% carbohydrate, 73% fat, and 22%
protein of total energy intake) diet compared with a standardized
prediet (50% carbohdyrate, 30% fat, and 21% protein). Biopsies were
obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle after 3 days on the prediet
(day 0) and after 1, 2, and 3 days of the HF/LC diet. Intact
mitchondria were extracted from fresh muscle and analyzed for PDK
activity and Western blotting of PDK2 and PDK4 protein. A second biopsy
was taken at each time point and frozen for Northern blot analysis of
PDK2 and PDK4 mRNAs. PDK activity increased in a linear fashion over
the 3-day HF/LC diet and was significantly higher than control by 1 day. PDK activity was 0.09 ± 0.03, 0.18 ± 0.05, 0.30 ± 0.07, and 0.37 ± 0.09 min
1 at 0, 1, 2, and 3 days, respectively. PDK4 protein and mRNA increased maximally by
day 1, and PDK2 protein and mRNA were unaffected by the
HF/LC diet. Resting respiratory exchange ratios decreased after 1 day
of the HF/LC diet (from 0.79 ± 0.02 to 0.72 ± 0.02) and
remained depressed throughout the 3-day dietary intervention (0.68 ± 0.01). The immediate shift to fat utilization was accompanied by
increased blood glycerol, 
-hydroxybutyrate, and plasma free fatty
acid concentrations. These results suggest that the continuing increase
in PDK activity over the 3-day HF/LC diet is not due to increasing PDK
protein beyond 1 day. This could be due to the contribution of another
isoform to the total PDK activity or to a continual increase in PDK4 or
PDK2 specific activity.
pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4; respiratory exchange ratio; pyruvate dehydrogenase activity; mitochondria
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. K. Bigrigg, G. J. F. Heigenhauser, J. G. Inglis, P. J. LeBlanc, and S. J. Peters Carbohydrate refeeding after a high-fat diet rapidly reverses the adaptive increase in human skeletal muscle PDH kinase activity Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2009; 297(3): R885 - R891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Wright, J. Kim, J. Buchanan, S. Boudina, S. Sena, K. Bakirtzi, O. Ilkun, H. A. Theobald, R. C. Cooksey, K. V. Kandror, et al. Mechanisms for increased myocardial fatty acid utilization following short-term high-fat feeding Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2009; 82(2): 351 - 360. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Constantin-Teodosiu, D. J. Baker, D. Constantin, and P. L. Greenhaff PPAR{delta} agonism inhibits skeletal muscle PDC activity, mitochondrial ATP production and force generation during prolonged contraction J. Physiol., January 1, 2009; 587(1): 231 - 239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. S. Bradley, G. J. F. Heigenhauser, B. D. Roy, E. M. Staples, J. G. Inglis, P. J. LeBlanc, and S. J. Peters The acute effects of differential dietary fatty acids on human skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase activity J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2008; 104(1): 1 - 9. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. C Westman, R. D Feinman, J. C Mavropoulos, M. C Vernon, J. S Volek, J. A Wortman, W. S Yancy, and S. D Phinney Low-carbohydrate nutrition and metabolism Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2007; 86(2): 276 - 284. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Ukropcova, O. Sereda, L. de Jonge, I. Bogacka, T. Nguyen, H. Xie, G. A. Bray, and S. R. Smith Family History of Diabetes Links Impaired Substrate Switching and Reduced Mitochondrial Content in Skeletal Muscle Diabetes, March 1, 2007; 56(3): 720 - 727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. J. LeBlanc, R. A. Harris, and S. J. Peters Skeletal muscle fiber type comparison of pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase activity and isoform expression in fed and food-deprived rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2007; 292(2): E571 - E576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. C Hansen, Z. Zhang, T. Gomez, A. K Adams, and D. A Schoeller Exercise increases the proportion of fat utilization during short-term consumption of a high-fat diet Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2007; 85(1): 109 - 116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. A. Duhamel, H. J. Green, J. G. Perco, and J. Ouyang Comparative effects of a low-carbohydrate diet and exercise plus a low-carbohydrate diet on muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum responses in males Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, October 1, 2006; 291(4): C607 - C617. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Tsintzas, K. Jewell, M. Kamran, D. Laithwaite, T. Boonsong, J. Littlewood, I. Macdonald, and A. Bennett Differential regulation of metabolic genes in skeletal muscle during starvation and refeeding in humans J. Physiol., August 15, 2006; 575(1): 291 - 303. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. I. Kim, F. N. Lee, W. S. Choi, S. Lee, and J. H. Youn Insulin Regulation of Skeletal Muscle PDK4 mRNA Expression Is Impaired in Acute Insulin-Resistant States. Diabetes, August 1, 2006; 55(8): 2311 - 2317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. A. Johnson, S. R. Stannard, D. S. Rowlands, P. G. Chapman, C. H. Thompson, H. O'Connor, T. Sachinwalla, and M. W. Thompson Effect of short-term starvation versus high-fat diet on intramyocellular triglyceride accumulation and insulin resistance in physically fit men Exp Physiol, July 1, 2006; 91(4): 693 - 703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Mourtzakis, B. Saltin, T. Graham, and H. Pilegaard Carbohydrate metabolism during prolonged exercise and recovery: interactions between pyruvate dehydrogenase, fatty acids, and amino acids J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2006; 100(6): 1822 - 1830. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Stellingwerff, L. L. Spriet, M. J. Watt, N. E. Kimber, M. Hargreaves, J. A. Hawley, and L. M. Burke Decreased PDH activation and glycogenolysis during exercise following fat adaptation with carbohydrate restoration Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2006; 290(2): E380 - E388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. E. Civitarese, M. K. C. Hesselink, A. P. Russell, E. Ravussin, and P. Schrauwen Glucose ingestion during exercise blunts exercise-induced gene expression of skeletal muscle fat oxidative genes Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2005; 289(6): E1023 - E1029. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. P. Harber, S. Schenk, A. L. Barkan, and J. F. Horowitz Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism in response to short-term dietary carbohydrate restriction Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2005; 289(2): E306 - E312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Horowitz, A. E. Kaufman, A. K. Fox, and M. P. Harber Energy deficit without reducing dietary carbohydrate alters resting carbohydrate oxidation and fatty acid availability J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2005; 98(5): 1612 - 1618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Christopher, C. Rantzau, G. McConell, B. E. Kemp, and F. P. Alford Prevailing hyperglycemia is critical in the regulation of glucose metabolism during exercise in poorly controlled alloxan-diabetic dogs J Appl Physiol, March 1, 2005; 98(3): 930 - 939. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. L. Pehleman, S. J. Peters, G. J. F. Heigenhauser, and L. L. Spriet Enzymatic regulation of glucose disposal in human skeletal muscle after a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2005; 98(1): 100 - 107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. A. Turvey, G. J. F. Heigenhauser, M. Parolin, and S. J. Peters Elevated n-3 fatty acids in a high-fat diet attenuate the increase in PDH kinase activity but not PDH activity in human skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2005; 98(1): 350 - 355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Watt, G. J. F. Heigenhauser, P. J. LeBlanc, J. G. Inglis, L. L. Spriet, and S. J. Peters Rapid upregulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase activity in human skeletal muscle during prolonged exercise J Appl Physiol, October 1, 2004; 97(4): 1261 - 1267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Arkinstall, R. J. Tunstall, D. Cameron-Smith, and J. A. Hawley Regulation of metabolic genes in human skeletal muscle by short-term exercise and diet manipulation Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2004; 287(1): E25 - E31. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. N. Lee, L. Zhang, D. Zheng, W. S. Choi, and J. H. Youn Insulin suppresses PDK-4 expression in skeletal muscle independently of plasma FFA Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2004; 287(1): E69 - E74. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. L. Spriet, R. J. Tunstall, M. J. Watt, K. A. Mehan, M. Hargreaves, and D. Cameron-Smith Pyruvate dehydrogenase activation and kinase expression in human skeletal muscle during fasting J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2004; 96(6): 2082 - 2087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.-S. Kwon, B. Huang, T. G. Unterman, and R. A. Harris Protein Kinase B-{alpha} Inhibits Human Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase-4 Gene Induction by Dexamethasone Through Inactivation of FOXO Transcription Factors Diabetes, April 1, 2004; 53(4): 899 - 910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Hildebrandt, H. Pilegaard, and P. D. Neufer Differential transcriptional activation of select metabolic genes in response to variations in exercise intensity and duration Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2003; 285(5): E1021 - E1027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Nordsborg, J. Bangsbo, and H. Pilegaard Effect of high-intensity training on exercise-induced gene expression specific to ion homeostasis and metabolism J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2003; 95(3): 1201 - 1206. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Sugden and M. J. Holness Recent advances in mechanisms regulating glucose oxidation at the level of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by PDKs Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2003; 284(5): E855 - E862. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Pilegaard, B. Saltin, and P. D. Neufer Effect of Short-Term Fasting and Refeeding on Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolic Genes in Human Skeletal Muscle Diabetes, March 1, 2003; 52(3): 657 - 662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J Watt, G. J F Heigenhauser, D. J Dyck, and L. L Spriet Intramuscular triacylglycerol, glycogen and acetyl group metabolism during 4 h of moderate exercise in man J. Physiol., June 15, 2002; 541(3): 969 - 978. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. van Breukelen and S. L. Martin Molecular Biology of Thermoregulation: Invited Review: Molecular adaptations in mammalian hibernators: unique adaptations or generalized responses? J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2002; 92(6): 2640 - 2647. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. A. Turvey, G. J. F. Heigenhauser, M. Parolin, and S. J. Peters Elevated n-3 fatty acids in a high-fat diet attenuate the increase in PDH kinase activity but not PDH activity in human skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2005; 98(1): 350 - 355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
