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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 281: E683-E692, 2001;
0193-1849/01 $5.00
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Vol. 281, Issue 4, E683-E692, October 2001

Recovery of 13CO2 during rest and exercise after [1-13C]acetate, [2-13C]acetate, and NaH13CO3 infusions

Jeff K. Trimmer, Gretchen A. Casazza, Michael A. Horning, and George A. Brooks

Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-3140

For estimating the oxidation rates (Rox) of glucose and other substrates by use of 13C-labeled tracers, we obtained correction factors to account for label dilution in endogenous bicarbonate pools and TCA cycle exchange reactions. Fractional recoveries of 13C label in respiratory gases were determined during 225 min of rest and 90 min of leg cycle ergometry at 45 and 65% peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) after continuous infusions of [1-13C]acetate, [2-13C]acetate, or NaH13CO3. In parallel trials, [6,6-2H]glucose and [1-13C]glucose were given. Experiments were conducted after an overnight fast with exercise commencing 12 h after the last meal. During the transition from rest to exercise, CO2 production increased (P < 0.05) in an intensity-dependent manner. Significant differences were observed in the fractional recoveries of 13C label as 13CO2 at rest (NaH13CO3, 77.5 ± 2.8%; [1-13C]acetate, 49.8 ± 2.4%; [2-13C]acetate, 26.1 ± 1.4%). During exercise, fractional recoveries of 13C label from [1-13C]acetate, [2-13C]acetate, and NaH13CO3 were increased compared with rest. Magnitudes of label recoveries during both exercise intensities were tracer specific (NaH13CO3, 93%; [1-13C]acetate, 80%; [2-13C]acetate, 65%). Use of an acetate-derived correction factor for estimating glucose oxidation resulted in Rox values in excess (P < 0.05) of glucose rate of disappearance during hard exercise. We conclude that, after an overnight fast: 1) recovery of 13C label as 13CO2 from [13C]acetate is decreased compared with bicarbonate; 2) the position of 13C acetate label affects carbon dilution estimations; 3) recovery of 13C label increases in the transition from rest to exercise in an isotope-dependent manner; and 4) application of an acetate correction factor in glucose oxidation measurements results in oxidation rates in excess of glucose disappearance during exercise at 65% of VO2 peak. Therefore, bicarbonate, not acetate, correction factors are advocated for estimating glucose oxidation from carbon tracers in exercising men.

stable isotopes; free fatty acid oxidation; glucose oxidation; carbon dioxide; exertion


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