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1 Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder 80309; 2 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262; and 3 Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona 85724
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
plays an important role in the regulation of energy expenditure.
However, whether tonic SNS activity contributes to resting metabolic
rate (RMR) in healthy adult humans is controversial, with the majority
of studies showing no effect. We hypothesized that an intravenous
propranolol infusion designed to achieve complete 
-adrenergic
blockade would result in a significant acute decrease in RMR in healthy
adults. RMR (ventilated hood, indirect calorimetry) was measured in 29 healthy adults (15 males, 14 females) before and during complete
-adrenergic blockade documented by plasma propranolol concentrations
100 ng/ml, lack of heart rate response to isoproterenol, and a
plateau in RMR with increased doses of propranolol. Propranolol
infusion evoked an acute decrease in RMR (
71 ± 11 kcal/day;
5 ± 0.7%, P < 0.0001), whereas RMR was
unchanged from baseline levels during a saline control infusion
(P > 0.05). The response to propranolol differed from
the response to saline control (P < 0.01). The
absolute and percent decreases in RMR with propranolol were modestly
related to baseline plasma concentration of norepinephrine
(r = 0.38, P = 0.05; r = 0.44, P = 0.02, respectively). These findings provide direct evidence for the concept of tonic sympathetic -adrenergic support of RMR in healthy nonobese adults.
sympathetic nervous system; resting energy metabolism; -adrenergic blockade
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