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1 Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63009 Clermont-Ferrand; 2 Laboratoire de Technologie Laitière, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 35042 Rennes, France; and 3 Nestec, Nestlé Research Center, CH 1000 Lausanne 26 Switzerland
To evaluate the importance of
protein digestion rate on protein deposition, we characterized leucine
kinetics after ingestion of "protein" meals of identical amino acid
composition and nitrogen contents but of different digestion rates.
Four groups of five or six young men received an
L-[1-13C]leucine infusion and one of the
following 30-g protein meals: a single meal of slowly digested casein
(CAS), a single meal of free amino acid mimicking casein composition
(AA), a single meal of rapidly digested whey proteins (WP), or repeated
meals of whey proteins (RPT-WP) mimicking slow digestion rate.
Comparisons were made between "fast" (AA, WP) and "slow" (CAS,
RPT-WP) meals of identical amino acid composition (AA vs. CAS, and WP
vs. RPT-WP). The fast meals induced a strong, rapid, and transient
increase of aminoacidemia, leucine flux, and oxidation. After slow
meals, these parameters increased moderately but durably. Postprandial leucine balance over 7 h was higher after the slow than after the
fast meals (CAS: 38 ± 13 vs. AA: 
12 ± 11, P < 0.01; RPT-WP: 87 ± 25 vs. WP: 6 ± 19 µmol/kg, P
< 0.05). Protein digestion rate is an independent factor
modulating postprandial protein deposition.
amino acid turnover; postprandial protein anabolism; milk protein; stable isotopes
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