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1 Obesity Research Center, Evans Department of Medicine, and Departments of Biochemistry, 2 Surgery, and 3 Biophysics, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118; 4 Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2L 4M1; 5 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261; and 6 Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, Gifford Laboratories, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 91010
Regional differences in free fatty acid (FFA) handling contribute to diseases associated with particular fat distributions. As cultured rat preadipocytes became differentiated, FFA transfer into preadipocytes increased and was more rapid in single perirenal than in epididymal cells matched for lipid content. Uptake by human omental preadipocytes was greater than uptake by abdominal subcutaneous preadipocytes. Adipose-specific fatty acid binding protein (aP2) and keratinocyte lipid binding protein abundance was higher in differentiated rat perirenal than in epididymal preadipocytes. This interdepot difference in preadipocyte aP2 expression was reflected in fat tissue in older animals. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 activity increased during differentiation and was higher in perirenal than in epididymal preadipocytes, particularly the muscle isoform. Long-chain acyl-CoA levels were higher in perirenal than in epididymal preadipocytes and isolated fat cells. These data are consistent with interdepot differences in fatty acid flux ensuing from differences in fatty acid binding proteins and enzymes of fat metabolism. Heterogeneity among depots results, in part, from distinct intrinsic characteristics of adipose cells. Different depots are effectively separate miniorgans.
fatty acid binding protein; free fatty acid uptake; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1; regional fat distribution
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