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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 279: E1012-E1019, 2000;
0193-1849/00 $5.00
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Vol. 279, Issue 5, E1012-E1019, November 2000

Responses of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase to weight loss affect lipid levels and weight regain in women

Barbara J. Nicklas, Ellen M. Rogus, Dora M. Berman, Karen E. Dennis, and Andrew P. Goldberg

Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201

This study determines whether changes in abdominal (ABD) and gluteal (GLT) adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in response to a 6-mo weight loss intervention, comprised of a hypocaloric diet and low-intensity walking, affect changes in body composition, fat distribution, lipid metabolism, and the magnitude of weight regain in 36 obese postmenopausal women. Average adipose tissue LPL activity did not change with an average 5.6-kg weight loss, but changes in LPL activity were inversely related to baseline LPL activity (ABD: r = -0.60, GLT: r = -0.48; P < 0.01). The loss of abdominal body fat and decreases in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were greater in women whose adipose tissue LPL activity decreased with weight loss despite a similar loss of total body weight and fat mass. Moreover, weight regain after a 6-mo follow-up was less in women whose adipose tissue LPL activity decreased than in women whose LPL increased (ABD: 0.9 ± 0.5 vs. 2.8 ± 0.6 kg, P < 0.05; GLT: 0.2 ± 0.5 vs. 2.8 ± 0.5 kg, P < 0.01). These results suggest that a reduction in adipose tissue LPL activity with weight loss is associated with improvements in lipid metabolic risk factors with weight loss and with diminished weight regain in postmenopausal women.

adipose tissue metabolism; obesity; lipoprotein lipids; weight gain; postmenopausal women


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