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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 279: E25-E32, 2000;
0193-1849/00 $5.00
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Vol. 279, Issue 1, E25-E32, July 2000

Induction of Ca-independent PLA2 and conservation of plasmalogen polyunsaturated fatty acids in diabetic heart

Jane McHowat1, Michael H. Creer1, Kristine K. Hicks3, Janet H. Jones2, Raetreal McCrory1, and Richard H. Kennedy4

1 Department of Pathology, St. Louis University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri 63104; and Departments of 2 Pathology, 3 Pharmacology and Toxicology, and 4 Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205

Diabetes-induced changes in phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity have been measured in several tissues but are undefined in diabetic myocardium. We measured ventricular PLA2 activity in control, streptozotocin-induced diabetic, and insulin-treated diabetic rats and characterized myocardial phospholipids to determine whether diabetes altered myocardial phospholipid metabolism. Increased membrane-associated Ca2+-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) activity was observed in diabetes that was selective for arachidonylated phospholipids. Increased iPLA2 activity was accompanied by an increase in choline lysophospholipids. Diabetes was associated with marked alterations in the phospholipid composition of the myocardium, characterized by decreases in esterified arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids and increases in linoleic acid. The decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids was confined to diacylphospholipids, whereas the relative amount of these fatty acids in plasmalogens was increased. Diabetes-induced changes in PLA2 activity, lysophospholipid production, and alterations in phospholipid composition were all reversed by insulin treatment of diabetic animals. Diabetes-induced changes in membrane phospholipid content and phospholipid hydrolysis may contribute to some of the alterations in myocardial function that are observed in diabetic patients.

diabetes; myocardium; phospholipase A2


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