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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 279: E228-E233, 2000;
0193-1849/00 $5.00
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Vol. 279, Issue 1, E228-E233, July 2000

Direct measurement of the lumped constant for 2-deoxy-[1-14C]glucose in vivo in human skeletal muscle

Tapio Utriainen1, Stefania Lovisatti2, Sari Mäkimattila1, Alessandra Bertoldo2, Susan Weintraub3, Ralph DeFronzo3, Claudio Cobelli2, and Hannele Yki-Järvinen1

1 Division of Diabetology, Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FIN-00029 HUCH, Helsinki, Finland; 2 Department of Electronics and Informatics, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy; and 3 The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229

The lumped constant (LC) is used to convert the clearance rate of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DGCR) to that of glucose (GlcCR). There are currently no data to validate the widely used assumption of an LC of 1.0 for human skeletal muscle. We determined the LC for 2-deoxy-[1-14C]glucose (2-DG) in 18 normal male subjects (age, 29 ± 2 yr; body mass index, 24.8 ± 0.8 kg/m2) after an overnight fast and during physiological (1 mU · kg-1 · min-1 insulin infusion for 180 min) and supraphysiological (5 mU · kg-1 · min-1 insulin infusion for 180 min) hyperinsulinemic conditions. Normoglycemia was maintained with the euglycemic clamp technique. The LC was measured directly with the use of a novel triple tracer-based method. [3-3H]glucose, 2-[1-14C]DG, and [12C]mannitol (Man) were injected as a bolus into the brachial artery. The concentrations of [3-3H]glucose and 2-[1-14C]DG (dpm/ml plasma) and of Man (µmol/l) were determined in 50 blood samples withdrawn from the ipsilateral deep forearm vein over 15 min after the bolus injection. The LC was calculated by a formula involving blood flow calculated from Man and the GlcCR and 2-DGCR. The LC averaged 1.26 ± 0.08 (range 1.06-1.43), 1.15 ± 0.05 (0.99-1.39), and 1.18 ± 0.05 (0.97-1.37) under fasting conditions and during the 1 and 5 mU · kg-1 · min-1 insulin infusions (not significant between the different insulin concentrations, mean LC = 1.2, P < 0.01 vs. 1.0). We conclude that, in normal subjects, the LC for 2-DG in human skeletal muscle is constant over a wide range of insulin concentrations and averages 1.2.

glucose uptake; insulin; positron emission tomography; isotope; modeling


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