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1 Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1; 2 Department of Physiology, Lipid Research Unit, Hospital Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Canada G1V 4G2; and 3 Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
The expression of two monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs)
was examined in muscle and heart. MCT1 and MCT4 proteins are
coexpressed in rat skeletal muscles, but only MCT1 is expressed in rat
hearts. Among six rat fast-twitch muscles (red and white gastrocnemius, plantaris, extensor digitorum longus, red and white tibialis anterior) there was an inverse relationship between MCT1 and MCT4
(r = 
0.94). MCT1 protein was correlated with MCT1 mRNA
(r = 0.94). There was no relationship between MCT4 mRNA and
MCT4 protein. MCT1 (r = 0.97) and MCT4
(r = 0.88) protein contents were correlated with percent
fast-twitch glycolytic fiber. When normalized for their mRNAs, MCT1 but
not MCT4 was still correlated with the percent fast-twitch glycolytic
fiber composition of rat muscles (r = 0.98). MCT1 and MCT4
were also measured in plasma membranes (PM), triads (TR), T tubules
(TT), sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and intracellular membranes (IM).
There was an intracellular pool of MCT4 but not of MCT1. The MCT1
subcellular distribution was as follows: PM (100%) > TR (31.6%) > SR (15%) = TT (14%) > IM (1.7%). The MCT4 subcellular distribution
was considerably different [PM (100%) > TR (66.5%) > TT
(36%) = SR (43%) > IM (24%)]. These studies have shown that
1) the mechanisms regulating the expression of MCT1
(transcriptional and posttranscriptional) and MCT4
(posttranscriptional) are different and 2)
differences in MCT1 and MCT4 expression among muscles, as well as
in their subcellular locations, suggest that they may have different
roles in muscle.
lactate; transport; transporters; fast-twitch fibers; plasma membrane; T tubules, messenger ribonucleic acid; monocarboxylate transporter 1; monocarboxylate transporter 4
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