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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 278: E1000-E1009, 2000;
0193-1849/00 $5.00
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Vol. 278, Issue 6, E1000-E1009, June 2000

Kinetics of L-[1-13C]leucine when ingested with free amino acids, unlabeled or intrinsically labeled casein

Cornelia C. Metges1, Antoine E. El-Khoury1, Ambalini B. Selvaraj1, Rita H. Tsay1, Alan Atkinson1, Meredith M. Regan1, Brian J. Bequette2, and Vernon R. Young1

1 Clinical Research Center and Laboratory of Human Nutrition, School of Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and 2 Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, Scotland

In two groups of five adults, each adapted to two different dietary regimens for 6 days, the metabolic fate of dietary [1-13C]leucine was examined when ingested either together with a mixture of free amino acids simulating casein (extrinsically labeled; condition A), along with the intact casein (extrinsically labeled; condition B), or bound to casein (intrinsically labeled; condition C). Fed state leucine oxidation (Ox), nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD), protein breakdown, and splanchnic uptake have been compared using an 8-h oral [1-13C]leucine and intravenous [2H3]leucine tracer protocol while giving eight equal hourly mixed meals. Lower leucine Ox, increased NOLD, and net protein synthesis were found with condition C compared with condition A (19.3 vs. 24.9; 77 vs. 55.8; 18.9 vs. 12.3 µmol · kg-1 · 30 min-1; P < 0.05). Ox and NOLD did not differ between conditions B and C. Splanchnic leucine uptake calculated from [1-13C]- and [2H3]leucine plasma enrichments was between 24 and 35%. These findings indicate that the form in which leucine is consumed affects its immediate metabolic fate and retention by the body; the implications of these findings for the tracer balance technique and estimation of amino acid requirements are discussed.

leucine oxidation; leucine flux; amino acid mixture; intrinsic label


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