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1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Human Nutrition Research Group, 3 Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec G1K 7P4; and 2 Lipid Research Centre, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada, G1V 4G2
The aim
of the present study was to determine the effects of feeding various
dietary proteins on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in rats.
Male Wistar rats were fed for 28 days with isoenergetic diets
containing either casein, soy protein, or cod protein. Cod protein-fed
and soy protein-fed rats had lower fasting plasma glucose and insulin
concentrations compared with casein-fed animals. After intravenous
glucose bolus, cod protein- and soy protein-fed rats induced lower
incremental areas under glucose curves compared with casein-fed
animals. Improved peripheral insulin sensitivity was confirmed by
higher glucose disposal rates in cod protein- and soy protein-fed rats
(15.2 ± 0.3 and 13.9 ± 0.6 mg · kg
1 · min
1,
respectively) compared with casein-fed animals (6.5 ± 0.7 mg · kg
1 · min
1,
P < 0.05). Moreover, test meal experiments revealed that, in the postprandial state, the lower plasma insulin concentrations in cod
protein- and soy protein-fed animals could be also due to decreased
pancreatic insulin release and increased hepatic insulin removal. In
conclusion, the metabolic responses to three common dietary proteins
indicate that cod and soy proteins, when compared with casein, improve
fasting glucose tolerance and peripheral insulin sensitivity in rats.
triglycerides; intravenous glucose tolerance test; test meal; hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp.
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