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-Estradiol and ICI-182780 regulate the hair follicle
cycle in mice through an estrogen receptor-
pathway
1 Molecular and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Toxicology, and 2 Department of Anatomy, Physiological Sciences and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; and 3 Receptor Biology Section, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
Estradiol (E2) applied
topically twice weekly to mouse skin at doses as low as 1 nmol
inhibited hair growth by blocking the transition of the hair follicle
from the resting phase (telogen) to the growth phase (anagen). In
contrast, application of 
10 nmol of other steroids produced limited
inhibition. Topical treatment with the estrogen receptor (ER)
antagonist ICI-182780 reversed the effects of E2, and when
applied alone, ICI-182780 caused a telogen-to-anagen transition. Both
E2 and ICI-182780 were highly effective at their site of
application but not at distant sites, indicating the direct rather than
secondary systemic nature of their effects. Western analysis detected a
65-kDa ER-
immunoreactive dermal protein, and Northern analysis
revealed the presence of a 6.7-kb ER- mRNA. A ribonuclease
protection assay confirmed the presence of ER- transcripts but
failed to detect ER-
transcripts. These findings implicate a
skin-specific ER- pathway in the regulation of the hair follicle cycle.
skin; hair growth; hormones; androgens
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