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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 276: E1092-E1098, 1999;
0193-1849/99 $5.00
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Vol. 276, Issue 6, E1092-E1098, June 1999

The acute-phase protein response to human immunodeficiency virus infection in human subjects

Farook Jahoor1, Brian Gazzard2, Gary Phillips3, Danny Sharpstone2, Melanie Delrosario1, Margaret E. Frazer1, William Heird1, Ruth Smith3, and Alan Jackson3

1 United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030-2600; 2 Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9TH; and 3 Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton S016 6YD, United Kingdom

Although several studies have shown that asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection elicits an increase in whole body protein turnover, it is not known whether this increased protein turnover includes changes in the kinetics of acute-phase proteins (APPs). To answer this question, we measured 1) the plasma concentrations of four positive (C-reactive protein, alpha 1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, and fibrinogen) and four negative APPs [albumin, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-apolipoprotein (apo) A1, transthyretin, and retinol-binding protein] and 2) the fractional (FSR) and absolute (ASRs) synthesis rates of three positive and three negative APPs using a constant intravenous infusion of [2H5]phenylalanine in five subjects with symptom-free acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and five noninfected control subjects. Compared with the values of the controls, the plasma concentrations, FSRs, and ASRs of most positive APPs were higher in the AIDS group. The negative APPs had faster FSRs in the AIDS group, there was no difference between the ASRs of the two groups, and only HDL-apoA1 had a lower plasma concentration. These results suggest that symptom-free AIDS elicits an APP response that is different from bacterial infections, as the higher concentrations and faster rates of synthesis of the positive APPs are not accompanied by lower concentrations and slower rates of synthesis of most of the negative APPs.

acute-phase protein synthesis; symptom-free acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; stable isotope


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