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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 276: E43-E49, 1999;
0193-1849/99 $5.00
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Vol. 276, Issue 1, E43-E49, January 1999

Aldosterone release during the sleep-wake cycle in humans

Anne Charloux, Claude Gronfier, Evelyne Lonsdorfer-Wolf, François Piquard, and Gabrielle Brandenberger

Laboratoire des Régulations Physiologiques et des Rythmes Biologiques chez l'Homme, Institut de Physiologie, 67085 Strasbourg, France

The aim of this study was to assess the relative influence on the 24-h aldosterone profile of the adrenocorticotropic system, primarily modulated by a circadian rhythmicity, and the renin-angiotensin system, which is influenced by sleep. Cortisol, plasma renin activity (PRA), and aldosterone were measured for 24 h in healthy subjects under basal conditions, once with nocturnal sleep and once with a night of sleep deprivation followed by 8 h of daytime sleep. The sleep period displayed high mean aldosterone levels, pulse amplitude, and frequency that were reduced during waking periods. During sleep, aldosterone pulses were mainly related to PRA oscillations, whereas they were mainly associated with cortisol pulses during waking periods. Cross-correlation analysis between sleep electroencephalographic activity in the delta band and aldosterone levels yielded significant results, aldosterone following delta waves by ~30 min. This study demonstrates that the 24-h aldosterone profile is strongly influenced by sleep processes. A dual influence, by the renin-angiotensin system during sleep and by the adrenocorticotropic system during wakefulness, is exerted on aldosterone pulses throughout the 24-h period.

renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; adrenocorticotropic system; circadian rhythm; electroencephalography


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