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2 Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and 1 Department of Medicine, University College London Medical School, London N19 3UA, United Kingdom
We evaluated whole body and regional
(subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and forearm) norepinephrine (NE)
kinetics in seven lean (body mass index 21.3 ± 0.5 kg/m2) and six upper body obese
(body mass index 36.4 ± 0.4 kg/m2) women who were matched on
fat-free mass. NE kinetics were determined by infusing
[3H]NE and obtaining
blood samples from a radial artery, a deep forearm vein draining mostly
skeletal muscle, and an abdominal vein draining subcutaneous abdominal
fat. Mean systemic NE spillover tended to be higher in obese (2.82 ± 0.49 nmol/min) than in lean (2.53 ± 0.40 nmol/min) subjects,
but the differences were not statistically significant. Adipose tissue
and forearm NE spillover rates into plasma were greater in lean (0.91 ± 0.08 pmol · 100 g
tissue
1 · min
1
and 1.01 ± 0.09 pmol · 100 ml
tissue
1 · min
1,
respectively) than in obese (0.26 ± 0.05 pmol · 100 g
tissue
1 · min
1
and 0.58 ± 0.11 pmol · 100 ml
tissue
1 · min
1,
respectively) subjects (P < 0.01).
These results demonstrate that adipose tissue is an active site for NE
metabolism in humans. Adipose tissue NE spillover is considerably lower
in obese than in lean women, which may contribute to the lower rate of
lipolysis per kilogram of fat mass observed in obesity.
catecholamines; obesity; energy metabolism
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