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Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
Activated
macrophages avidly consume arginine via the action of inducible nitric
oxide synthase (iNOS) and/or arginase. In contrast to our
knowledge regarding macrophage iNOS expression, the stimuli and
mechanisms that regulate expression of the cytosolic type I (arginase
I) or mitochondrial type II (arginase II) isoforms of arginase in
macrophages are poorly defined. We show that one or both arginase
isoforms may be induced in the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line
and that arginase expression is regulated independently of iNOS
expression. For example, 8-bromo-cAMP strongly induced both arginase I
and II mRNAs but not iNOS. Whereas interferon-
induced iNOS but not
arginase, 8-bromo-cAMP and interferon-
mutually antagonized
induction of iNOS and arginase I mRNAs. Dexamethasone, which did not
induce either arginase or iNOS, almost completely abolished induction
of arginase I mRNA by 8-bromo-cAMP but enhanced induction of arginase
II mRNA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced arginase II mRNA, but
8-bromo-cAMP plus LPS resulted in synergistic induction of both
arginase I and II mRNAs. In all cases, increases in arginase mRNAs were
sufficient to account for the increases in arginase activity. These
complex patterns of expression suggest that the arginase isoforms may
play distinct, although partially overlapping, functional roles in
macrophage arginine metabolism.
arginine; adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate; interferon-
; lipopolysaccharide
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