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1 Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1; 2 The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, August Krogh Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; 3 Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089; and 4 Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
We performed studies
1) to investigate the kinetics of
palmitate transport into giant sarcolemmal vesicles,
2) to determine whether the
transport capacity is greater in red muscles than in white muscles, and
3) to determine whether putative
long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) transporters are more abundant in red than
in white muscles. For these studies we used giant sarcolemmal vesicles, which contained cytoplasmic fatty acid binding protein
(FABPc), an intravesicular fatty
acid sink. Intravesicular FABPc
concentrations were sufficiently high so as not to limit the uptake of
palmitate under conditions of maximal palmitate uptake (i.e., 4.5-fold
excess in white and 31.3-fold excess in red muscle vesicles). All of the palmitate taken up was recovered as unesterified palmitate. Palmitate uptake was reduced by phloretin (
50%),
sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate
(43%), anti-plasma membrane-bound FABP
(FABPpm, 30%), trypsin
(45%), and when incubation temperature was lowered to 0°C
(70%). Palmitate uptake was also reduced by excess oleate (65%), but not by excess octanoate or by glucose. Kinetic
studies showed that maximal transport was 1.8-fold greater in red
vesicles than in white vesicles. The Michaelis-Menten constant in both types of vesicles was ~6 nM. Fatty acid transport protein mRNA and
fatty acid translocase (FAT) mRNA were about fivefold greater in red
muscles than in white muscles. FAT/CD36 and
FABPpm proteins in red vesicles or
in homogenates were greater than in white vesicles or homogenates
(P < 0.05). These studies provide
the first evidence of a protein-mediated LCFA transport system in
skeletal muscle. In this tissue, palmitate transport rates are greater
in red than in white muscles because more LCFA transporters are
available.
fatty acid translocase; fatty acid transport protein; plasma membrane-bound fatty acid binding protein; giant sarcolemmal vesicles
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C. G. Guglielmo, N. H. Haunerland, P. W. Hochachka, and T. D. Williams Seasonal dynamics of flight muscle fatty acid binding protein and catabolic enzymes in a migratory shorebird Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 2002; 282(5): R1405 - R1413. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. R. Steinberg, D. J. Dyck, J. Calles-Escandon, N. N. Tandon, J. J. F. P. Luiken, J. F. C. Glatz, and A. Bonen Chronic Leptin Administration Decreases Fatty Acid Uptake and Fatty Acid Transporters in Rat Skeletal Muscle J. Biol. Chem., March 8, 2002; 277(11): 8854 - 8860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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O. Matzinger, P. Schneiter, and L. Tappy Effects of fatty acids on exercise plus insulin-induced glucose utilization in trained and sedentary subjects Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, January 1, 2002; 282(1): E125 - E131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 L. P. Turcotte, J. R. Swenberger, M. Zavitz Tucker, and A. J. Yee Increased Fatty Acid Uptake and Altered Fatty Acid Metabolism in Insulin-Resistant Muscle of Obese Zucker Rats Diabetes, June 1, 2001; 50(6): 1389 - 1396. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. Binnert, H. A. Koistinen, G. Martin, F. Andreelli, P. Ebeling, V. A. Koivisto, M. Laville, J. Auwerx, and H. Vidal Fatty acid transport protein-1 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle and in adipose tissue in humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2000; 279(5): E1072 - E1079. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. J. Dyck, D. Miskovic, L. Code, J. J. F. P. Luiken, and A. Bonen Endurance training increases FFA oxidation and reduces triacylglycerol utilization in contracting rat soleus Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2000; 278(5): E778 - E785. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. B. McClelland, P. W. Hochachka, and J.-M. Weber Effect of high-altitude acclimation on NEFA turnover and lipid utilization during exercise in rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 1999; 277(6): E1095 - E1102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. C. Chatham, Z.-P. Gao, and J. R. Forder Impact of 1 wk of diabetes on the regulation of myocardial carbohydrate and fatty acid oxidation Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 1999; 277(2): E342 - E351. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. P. Turcotte, J. R. Swenberger, M. Z. Tucker, and A. J. Yee Training-induced elevation in FABPPM is associated with increased palmitate use in contracting muscle J Appl Physiol, July 1, 1999; 87(1): 285 - 293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Bonen, David. J. Dyck, A. Ibrahimi, and N. A. Abumrad Muscle contractile activity increases fatty acid metabolism and transport and FAT/CD36 Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 1999; 276(4): E642 - E649. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. Kiens, T. H. M. Roemen, and G. J. van der Vusse Muscular long-chain fatty acid content during graded exercise in humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 1999; 276(2): E352 - E357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. R. Steinberg, A. Bonen, and D. J. Dyck Fatty acid oxidation and triacylglycerol hydrolysis are enhanced after chronic leptin treatment in rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, March 1, 2002; 282(3): E593 - E600. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Tonouchi, H. Hatta, and A. Bonen Muscle contraction increases lactate transport while reducing sarcolemmal MCT4, but not MCT1 Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2002; 282(5): E1062 - E1069. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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