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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 275: E285-E293, 1998;
0193-1849/98 $5.00
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Vol. 275, Issue 2, E285-E293, August 1998

Dehydroepiandrosterone attenuates preadipocyte growth in primary cultures of stromal-vascular cells

M. McIntosh1, D. Hausman2, R. Martin2, and G. Hausman3

1 Department of Food, Nutrition and Food Service Management, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402-6170; 2 Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens 30602; and 3 Animal Physiology Unit, Richard Russell Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Station, Athens, Georgia 30613

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the antiobesity actions of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are due to an influence on preadipocyte proliferation and/or differentiation in primary cultures of pig and rat stromal-vascular (SV) cells. Pig SV cells were isolated from dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissue of 7-day-old pigs. For the proliferation assays, pig SV cells were grown for 4 days in plating medium containing DHEA at 0, 15, 50, or 150 µM. For the differentiation assays, pig SV cells were grown in plating medium for 3 days and then switched to a serum-free medium containing DHEA at 0, 15, 50, or 150 µM for the next 6 days. Rat SV cells were isolated from inguinal fat pads of 5-wk-old male rats. Rat SV cells were exposed to DHEA at 0, 5, 25, or 75 µM during proliferation. For the differentiation assays, rat SV cells were grown for 8 days in a serum-free medium containing DHEA at 0, 5, 25, or 75 µM. Preadipocyte differentiation [lipid staining, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity] and proliferation (preadipocyte-specific antigen staining) decreased with increasing levels of DHEA in cultures of pig SV cells. In cultures of rat SV cells, preadipocyte differentiation (lipid staining, GPDH activity) and proliferation ([3H]thymidine incorporation) were decreased in the 25 and 75 µM DHEA groups compared with the control and 5 µM DHEA groups. The level of expression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein-alpha , a master regulator of adipogenesis, in cultures of pig SV cells treated with 150 µM DHEA was 38% of control cultures. These data support the hypothesis that DHEA directly attenuates adipogenesis via attenuation of preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation.

proliferation; differentiation; CCAAT enhancer binding protein


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