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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 274: E469-E475, 1998;
0193-1849/98 $5.00
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Vol. 274, Issue 3, E469-E475, March 1998

beta 3-Adrenergic agonist induces a functionally active uncoupling protein in fat and slow-twitch muscle fibers

Toshihide Yoshida1, Tsunekazu Umekawa1, Kenzo Kumamoto4, Naoki Sakane1, Akinori Kogure1, Motoharu Kondo1, Yasuo Wakabayashi2, Teruo Kawada3, Itsuro Nagase5, and Masayuki Saito5

1 First Department of Internal Medicine and 2 Department of Biochemistry, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602; 3 Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-01; 4 Department of Anatomy, Meiji College of Oriental Medicine, Hiyoshi, Kyoto 629-03; and 5 Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan

The mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) has usually been found only in brown adipose tissue. We recently observed that a chronic administration of the beta 3-adrenergic agonist CL-316,243 (CL) induced the ectopic expression of UCP in white fat and skeletal muscle in genetic obese yellow KK mice. The aim of the present study was to examine whether UCP could be induced in nongenetic obese animals produced by neonatal injections of monosodium L-glutamate (MSG). The daily subcutaneous injection of CL (0.1 mg/kg) to MSG-induced obese mice for 2 wk caused significant reductions of body weight (15%) and white fat pad weight (58%). Northern and Western blot analyses showed that CL induced significant expressions of UCP in the white fat and muscle, as well as in brown fat. Immunohistochemical observations revealed that the UCP stains in white fat were localized on multilocular cells and that those in muscle were localized on slow-twitch fibers rich in mitochondria. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed the mitochondrial localization of UCP in the myocytes. The guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP) binding to mitochondria in brown fat doubled after the CL treatment. Moreover, significant GDP binding was detected in the white fat and muscle of the CL-treated mice, at about one-fourth and one-thirteenth the activity of brown fat, respectively, suggesting that ectopically expressed UCP is functionally active. We concluded that the beta 3-adrenergic agonist CL can induce functionally active UCP in white fat and slow-twitch muscle fibers of obese mice.

CL-316,243; guanosine 5'-diphosphate binding; monosodium L-glutamate-induced obese mice; white fat; gastrocnemius muscle


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