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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 274: E130-E138, 1998;
0193-1849/98 $5.00
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Vol. 274, Issue 1, E130-E138, January 1998

Effect of epinephrine on muscle glycogenolysis and insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in humans

Didier Laurent1, Kitt Falk Petersen1, Raymond R. Russell1, Gary W. Cline1, and Gerald I. Shulman2

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and 2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20814

To examine the effects of a physiological increase in plasma epinephrine concentration (~800 pg/ml) on muscle glycogenolysis and insulin-stimulated glycogenesis, we infused epinephrine [1.2 µg · (m2 body surface)-1 · min-1] for 2 h and monitored muscle glycogen and glucose 6-phosphate (G-6-P) concentrations with 13C/31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Epinephrine caused an increase in plasma glucose (Delta  ~50 mg/dl), lactate (Delta  ~1.4 mM), free fatty acids (Delta  ~1,200 µM at peak), and whole body glucose oxidation (Delta  ~0.85 mg · kg-1 · min-1) compared with levels in a group of control subjects (n = 4) in the presence of slight hyperinsulinemia (~13 µU/ml, n = 8) or basal insulin (~7 µU/ml, n = 7). However, epinephrine did not induce any detectable changes in glycogen or G-6-P concentrations, whereas muscle inorganic phosphate (Pi) decreased by 35%. Epinephrine infusion during a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (n = 8) caused a 45% decrease in the glucose infusion rate that could be mostly attributed to a 73% decrease in muscle glycogen synthesis rate. After an initial increase to ~160% of basal values, G-6-P levels decreased by ~30% with initiation of the epinephrine infusion. We conclude that a physiological increase in plasma epinephrine concentration 1) has a negligible effect on muscle glycogenolysis at rest, 2) decreases muscle Pi, which may maintain phosphorylase activity at a low level, and 3) causes a major impairment in insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis, possibly due to inhibition of glucose transport-phosphorylation activity.

nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; glucose oxidation; lipid oxidation; energy expenditure


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