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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 273: E809-E814, 1997;
0193-1849/97 $5.00
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Vol. 273, Issue 4, E809-E814, October 1997

Maximal aerobic capacity in African-American and Caucasian prepubertal children

Christina A. Trowbridge, Barbara A. Gower, Tim R. Nagy, Gary R. Hunter, Margarita S. Treuth, and Michael I. Goran

Division of Physiology and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-3360

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in resting, submaximal, and maximal (VO2 max) oxygen consumption (VO2) in African-American (n = 44) and Caucasian (n = 31) prepubertal children aged 5-10 yr. Resting VO2 was measured via indirect calorimetry in the fasted state. Submaximal VO2 and VO2 max were determined during an all out, progressive treadmill exercise test appropriate for children. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine total fat mass (FM), soft lean tissue mass (LTM), and leg soft LTM. Doubly labeled water was used to determine total energy expenditure (TEE) and activity energy expenditure (AEE). A significant effect of ethnicity (P < 0.01) was found for VO2 max but not resting or submaximal VO2, with African-American children having absolute VO2 max ~15% lower than Caucasian children (1.21 ± 0.032 vs. 1.43 ± 0.031 l/min, respectively). The lower VO2 max persisted in African-American children after adjustment for soft LTM (1.23 ± 0.025 vs. 1.39 ± 0.031 l/min; P < 0.01), leg soft LTM (1.20 ± 0.031 vs. 1.43 ± 0.042 l/min; P < 0.01), and soft LTM and FM (1.23 ± 0.025 vs. 1.39 ± 0.031 l/min; P < 0.01). The lower VO2 max persisted also after adjustment for TEE (1.20 ± 0.02 vs. 1.38 ± 0.0028 l/min P < 0.001) and AEE (1.20 ± 0.024 vs. 1.38 ± 0.028 l/min; P < 0.001). In conclusion, our data indicate that African-American and Caucasian children have similar rates of VO2 at rest and during submaximal exercise, but VO2 max is ~15% lower in African-American children, independent of soft LTM, FM, leg LTM, TEE, and AEE.

oxygen consumption; fitness; energy expenditure; ethnicity


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