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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 269: E910-E917, 1995;
0193-1849/95 $5.00
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AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol 269, Issue 5 E910-E917, Copyright © 1995 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Effects of protein, methionine, or chloride on acid-base balance and on cysteine catabolism

D. L. Bella and M. H. Stipanuk
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6301, USA.

Metabolism of cysteine to sulfate results in production of H+, whereas metabolism of cysteine to taurine does not. Rats were fed a basal low-protein diet or a diet with excess protein, methionine, or chloride for 2-3 wk, and effects of these treatments on acid-base homeostasis and on cysteine metabolism were determined. Hepatocytes from rats fed diets with excess methionine, but not from rats fed diets with excess protein or chloride, catabolized a high proportion of cysteine to taurine (32% vs. 4-7% for other groups), and intact rats fed excess methionine excreted more sulfur as taurine (51% of total sulfur vs. 1-6% for other groups). The formation of taurine vs. sulfate as the end product of cysteine catabolism provides a metabolic compensation that minimizes the acid load in rats fed excess sulfur amino acids. However, increased production of taurine vs. sulfate is not a general adaptive response to acidogenic diets.


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