AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol 266, Issue 1 E85-E91, Copyright © 1994 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

In vivo regulation of rat muscle glycogen resynthesis after intense exercise

G. Bloch, J. R. Chase, D. B. Meyer, M. J. Avison, G. I. Shulman and R. G. Shulman
Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.

Time courses of the glycogen synthesis rate and of the glucose 6-phosphate (G-6-P) concentration after an electrically induced exercise were followed in the anesthetized rat gastrocnemius by in vivo 13C and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, respectively. The ratio of glycogen synthase I to glycogen synthase I and D (I/I+D) and allosteric activation by G-6-P were also studied in vitro on muscles sampled at rest and 10 min (early recovery) and 100 min (late recovery) after exercise. From early recovery to late recovery, the in vivo glycogen synthesis rate dropped from 0.46 +/- 0.06 to 0.11 +/- 0.04 mmol.kg wet tissue-1.min-1, the G-6-P concentration from 0.83 +/- 0.08 to 0.32 +/- 0.05 mmol/kg wet tissue, and I/I+D from 83 +/- 4 to 47 +/- 1%. The combination of the changes in G-6-P concentration and in I/I+D quantitatively describes the fourfold decrease in glycogen synthesis rate from early to late recovery. These results demonstrate that phosphorylation, determining glycogen synthase I/I+D, and allosteric control of glycogen synthase by G-6-P contribute approximately equally to the regulation of the postexercise in vivo glycogen synthesis rate.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. Raja, L. Brau, T. N. Palmer, and P. A. Fournier Fiber-specific responses of muscle glycogen repletion in fasted rats physically active during recovery from high-intensity physical exertion Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2008; 295(2): R633 - R641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Frolow and C. L. Milligan Hormonal regulation of glycogen metabolism in white muscle slices from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 2004; 287(6): R1344 - R1353. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. L. Fogt, S. Pan, S. Lee, Z. Ding, A. Scrimgeour, J. C. Lawrence Jr., and J. L. Ivy Effect of glycogen synthase overexpression on insulin-stimulated muscle glucose uptake and storage Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, March 1, 2004; 286(3): E363 - E369. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				C.-H. Kuo, H. Hwang, M.-C. Lee, A. L. Castle, and J. L. Ivy Role of insulin on exercise-induced GLUT-4 protein expression and glycogen supercompensation in rat skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, February 1, 2004; 96(2): 621 - 627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. B. Price, S. Krishnan-Sarin, and D. L. Rothman Smoking impairs muscle recovery from exercise Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2003; 285(1): E116 - E122. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. M. Jucker, T. R. Schaeffer, R. E. Haimbach, T. S. McIntosh, D. Chun, M. Mayer, D. H. Ohlstein, H. M. Davis, S. A. Smith, A. R. Cobitz, et al. Normalization of Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Synthesis and Glycolysis in Rosiglitazone-Treated Zucker Fatty Rats: An In Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study Diabetes, July 1, 2002; 51(7): 2066 - 2073. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. G. Aschenbach, Y. Suzuki, K. Breeden, C. Prats, M. F. Hirshman, S. D. Dufresne, K. Sakamoto, P. G. Vilardo, M. Steele, J.-H. Kim, et al. The Muscle-specific Protein Phosphatase PP1G/RGL(GM) Is Essential for Activation of Glycogen Synthase by Exercise J. Biol. Chem., October 19, 2001; 276(43): 39959 - 39967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. R. Chase, D. L. Rothman, and R. G. Shulman Flux control in the rat gastrocnemius glycogen synthesis pathway by in vivo 13C/31P NMR spectroscopy Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2001; 280(4): E598 - E607. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. D. M. C.-B. Ferreira, L. Brau, S. Nikolovski, G. Raja, T. N. Palmer, and P. A. Fournier Effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on glycogen resynthesis in fasted rats post-high-intensity exercise Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, January 1, 2001; 280(1): E83 - E91. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. M. Jucker, N. Barucci, and G. I. Shulman Metabolic control analysis of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in rat skeletal muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 1999; 277(3): E505 - E512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Montell, A. Arias, and A. M. Gomez-Foix Glycogen depletion rather than glucose 6-P increments controls early glycogen recovery in human cultured muscle Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 1999; 276(5): R1489 - R1495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Castle, C.-H. Kuo, D.-H. Han, and J. L. Ivy Amylin-mediated inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 1998; 275(3): E531 - E536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. B. Adamo, M. A. Tarnopolsky, and T. E. Graham Dietary carbohydrate and postexercise synthesis of proglycogen and macroglycogen in human skeletal muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 1998; 275(2): E229 - E234. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Laurent, K. F. Petersen, R. R. Russell, G. W. Cline, and G. I. Shulman Effect of epinephrine on muscle glycogenolysis and insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, January 1, 1998; 274(1): E130 - E138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. A. Bertocci, J. G. Jones, C. R. Malloy, R. G. Victor, and G. D. Thomas Oxidation of lactate and acetate in rat skeletal muscle: analysis by 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy J Appl Physiol, July 1, 1997; 83(1): 32 - 39. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. M. Jucker, A. J.M. Rennings, G. W. Cline, and G. I. Shulman 13C and 31P NMR Studies on the Effects of Increased Plasma Free Fatty Acids on Intramuscular Glucose Metabolism in the Awake Rat J. Biol. Chem., April 18, 1997; 272(16): 10464 - 10473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]