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AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol 264, Issue 4 E677-E685, Copyright © 1993 by American Physiological Society
ARTICLES |
G. A. Zello, P. B. Pencharz and R. O. Ball
Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Lysine requirement was determined in seven adult males by examining the effect of varying dietary lysine intake on phenylalanine flux and oxidation under dietary conditions of adequate energy and phenylalanine (14 mg.kg-1 x day-1) and excess tyrosine (40 mg.kg-1 x day-1). Phenylalanine flux was determined from primed, constant intravenous infusions of L-[1-13C]phenylalanine (1.2 mg.kg-1 x day-1) and L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine (0.5 mg.kg-1 x day-1) and measurement of isotopic enrichments of phenylalanine in plasma. Phenylalanine flux was not affected by graded increases in dietary lysine intake or by the isotope infused. Mean phenylalanine conversion to tyrosine was low (3.4%) and not significantly affected by lysine intake. Phenylalanine oxidation, estimated from the rate of 13CO2 released in expired air during the infusion of L-[1-13C]phenylalanine, decreased linearly as lysine intake increased to a break point that was interpreted as the mean dietary lysine requirement (37 mg.kg-1 x day-1). At lysine intakes of > 37 mg.kg-1 x day-1 phenylalanine oxidation was low and constant. Plasma lysine concentrations supported this estimate of requirement. These data show that: 1) indicator amino acid oxidation can be used as a new method to determine amino acid requirements of humans and 2) the lysine requirement of adult males is three times greater than the World Health Organization recommendation of 12 mg.kg-1 x day-1.
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M. Di Buono, L. J Wykes, R. O Ball, and P. B Pencharz Dietary cysteine reduces the methionine requirement in men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2001; 74(6): 761 - 766. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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V. R. Young and S. Borgonha Nitrogen and Amino Acid Requirements: : The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Amino Acid Requirement Pattern J. Nutr., July 1, 2000; 130(7): 1841S - 1849. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. C Wilson, M. Rafii, R. O Ball, and P. B Pencharz Threonine requirement of young men determined by indicator amino acid oxidation with use of L-[1-13C]phenylalanine1 Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2000; 71(3): 757 - 764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Bross, R. O. Ball, J. T. R. Clarke, and P. B. Pencharz Tyrosine requirements in children with classical PKU determined by indicator amino acid oxidation Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2000; 278(2): E195 - E201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. M. Rand and V. R. Young Statistical Analysis of Nitrogen Balance Data with Reference to the Lysine Requirement in Adults J. Nutr., October 1, 1999; 129(10): 1920 - 1926. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. J. Millward Metabolic Demands for Amino Acids and the Human Dietary Requirement: Millward and Rivers (1988) Revisited J. Nutr., December 1, 1998; 128(12): 2563S - 2563. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. Bross, R. O. Ball, and P. B. Pencharz Development of a Minimally Invasive Protocol for the Determination of Phenylalanine and Lysine Kinetics in Humans during the Fed State J. Nutr., November 1, 1998; 128(11): 1913 - 1919. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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V. R. Young Human Amino Acid Requirements: Counterpoint to Millward and the Importance of Tentative Revised Estimates J. Nutr., September 1, 1998; 128(9): 1570 - 1573. [Full Text]
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