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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 261: E713-E718, 1991;
0193-1849/91 $5.00
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AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol 261, Issue 6 E713-E718, Copyright © 1991 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Glutamine nitrogen kinetics in insulin-dependent diabetic humans

D. Darmaun, M. Rongier, J. Koziet and J. J. Robert
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unite 290, St. Lazare Hospital, Paris, France.

To assess the effect of insulin deficiency on whole body glutamine kinetics, five young adults with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes received 4-h primed continuous infusions of L-[1-13C]leucine and L-[2-15N]glutamine in the postabsorptive state after blood glucose had been clamped overnight at either a normoglycemic level (approximately 85 mg/dl) or a moderate hyperglycemic level (approximately 260 mg/dl) by means of an automated glucose control insulin infusion system. The hyperglycemic state was associated with a significant rise in leucine level [from 165 +/- 23 to 242 +/- 62 (SD) microM], appearance rate (from 125 +/- 11 to 142 +/- 17 mumol.kg-1.h-1), and oxidation (from 27 +/- 10 to 31 +/- 10 mumol.kg-1.h-1). In contrast, neither the plasma level nor the appearance rate of glutamine (333 +/- 51 vs. 318 +/- 58 mumol.kg-1.h-1) was affected. We conclude that insulin deficiency resulting in moderate hyperglycemia induces a 13% rise in whole body proteolysis and yet does not stimulate glutamine de novo synthesis, despite increased precursor availability.


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