AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol 256, Issue 6 E704-E713, Copyright © 1989 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Effects of glucose and insulin on fetal glucose oxidation and oxygen consumption

W. W. Hay Jr, J. E. DiGiacomo, H. K. Meznarich, K. Hirst and G. Zerbe
Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver 80262.

Glucose and insulin clamp experiments were performed in late-gestation fetal lambs to quantify the separate and combined effects of physiological concentrations of fetal glucose (G; 7.3-62.6 mg/dl) and insulin (I; 2-119 uU/ml) on fetal glucose metabolism and O2 consumption. Fetal glucose utilization rate (GUR) varied from 2.82 to 15.12 mg.min-1.kg-1. Fetal CO2 production from fetal glucose carbon oxidation (CO2Pr) varied from 32 to 234 mumol.min-1.kg-1 and was directly related to G and I [CO2Pr = -0.00868 + 0.00578 (G) + 0.000901 (I) - 0.0000619 (G)2, r = 0.88] and to GUR (CO2Pr = 0.0159 GUR - 0.0130, r = 0.89). CO2Pr accounted for 54.7% of the mean GUR and for 35.9% of the mean umbilical O2 uptake (UO2U), ranging from 26.0% in the control studies to 36.5% in hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic studies and to 45.1% in hyperinsulinemic-hyperglycemic studies. UO2U varied from 0.200 to I [UO2U = 0.303 + [0.000813 (G)] + [0.0000461 (I)], r = 0.89] and to GUR (UO2U = 0.0098 GUR + 0.275, r = 0.91). These results define independent (additive) effects of G and I on glucose oxidation in the late gestation fetal lamb and demonstrate the necessity for considering the levels of both G and I when studying these aspects of fetal metabolism.

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