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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 242: E73-E81, 1982;
0193-1849/82 $5.00
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AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol 242, Issue 2 73-E81, Copyright © 1982 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Transient hepatic response to glucagon in man: role of insulin and hyperglycemia

E. Ferrannini, R. A. DeFronzo and R. S. Sherwin

We infused glucagon into normal humans while preventing changes in plasma glucose and insulin. Insulin (0.45 mU . min-1 . kg-1) were infused for 90 min, while euglycemia was maintained by a variable glucose infusion. Subsequently, glucagon (6 ng . min-1 . kg-1) was added, and changes in plasma glucose were avoided by appropriately reducing the glucose infusion. With insulin alone, glucose production (GP) fell to zero. When hyperglucagonemia (530 +/- 32 pg/ml) was superimposed, GP rose promptly and then slowly declined. However, between 180 and 240 min, GP remained elevated (1.72 +/- 0.30 mg . min-1 . kg-1) as compared to an insulin control study (0.03 +/- 0.20, P less than 0.025). When hyperglycemia (+25 mg/100 ml) was induced between 180 and 240 min, glucagon-stimulated GP was completely suppressed. To determine whether this effect was mediated by hyperglycemia per se or glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia, between 180 and 240 min we increased either a) the insulin infusion (by 0.25 mU . min-1 . kg-1) while maintaining euglycemia or b) plasma glucose (+25 mg/100 ml) while blocking insulin release with somatostatin. When the insulin was increased, GP declined by 68 +/- 13% (P less than 0.02). When plasma glucose alone was raised, GP fell from 1.44 +/- 0.09 to 0.07 +/- 0.16 mg . min-1 . kg-1 (less than 0.002). In conclusion, the hepatic response to sustained hyperglucagonemia is more persistent if changes in plasma glucose are prevented, and its transient nature is in part explained by a feedback adjustment to glucagon-induced hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia.


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P. Shah, A. Basu, R. Basu, and R. Rizza
Impact of lack of suppression of glucagon on glucose tolerance in humans
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 1999; 277(2): E283 - E290.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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